New World Order Research Paper

Russia and USA Putin international relations history elite Europe USA China India nuclear weapons postsoviet space NATO Syria Russia's foreign policy Trump European Union armors security geopolitics Ukraine's Crysis war International law Eurasia Japan Since around 2017–2018, the world has been living through a period of progressive erosion, or collapse, of international orders inherited from the past.

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THE ISSUE The United States is the European Union’s most important trade and bilateral investment partner, which has, until now, supported a multilateral trade system and European integration and has provided a security guarantee to the countries of the EU.

But like other advanced economies, the US’s relative weight in the global economy has declined.

A combination of factors then led to Western leadership in military technologies and organisation.[1] Spanish and Portuguese navies, then latterly the British navy, led Europe to predominance in the building and use of warships.

This capacity to project power abroad enabled Europe to conquer the Americas, Africa, and South Asia, as well as to subordinate China.

In climate policy, the US commitment to the Paris Agreement is being questioned.

New World Order Research Paper

In defence, the security umbrella appears less certain than previously.

As the US and Europe are not ready to engage in order-building with Russia and other major non-Western actors, instead adopting an oppositional posture, and—primarily due to internal political reasons— because they are highly unlikely to so engage in the next decade, a new international order’s emergence is more likely to occur in the 2030s or 2040s than in the 2020s, after the inevitable rotation of elites in the US and the EU.

Collapse of orders The main reason for the general confusion among Western elites and the tension in world politics and the international economy is the simultaneous decay of most global and regional international political and economic orders, by which here we refer to systems of rules, norms, and patterns of behaviour accepted by a majority of actors at a particular time.

Since around 2017–2018, the world has been living through a period of progressive erosion, or collapse, of international orders inherited from the past.

With the election of Donald Trump and the rapid increase of US containment of Russia and China—which is both a consequence of this gradual erosion and also represents deep internal and international contradictions—this process entered its apogee.